Fr. Dwight Longenecker on:
From CNN’s Beliefs blog: via A Deacon’s Bench
A Chicago restaurant is pushing the boundaries of poor taste with its October Burger of the Month.
Kuma’s Corner, a heavy-metal themed joint with an “Eat beef; bang your head” ethos, says its new burger is an homage to Ghost, a Swedish band that performs satanic songs in Catholic clerical garb.“The Ghost” burger features a “Communion wafer garnish,” a white, unleavened disc bearing the imprint of a cross and a crown. > > Ghost’s new album comes complete with grape juice and a mock Communion wafer. Not coincidentally, the Communion burger at Kuma’s comes with a red wine reduction…
…Luke Tobias, director of operations for Kuma’s, said the restaurant’s Communion wafers are not consecrated, and thus, not really holy. “It’s more or less a cracker with a cross on it,” he said. The restaurant bought the wafers online from an e-Bay-type website.
They’re not trying to make a big religious statement, Tobias said, just trying to have fun honoring a band they like.
“If there is a God, I’m sure he has a sense of humor.”
As Deacon Kandra wrote:
I have no idea what this tastes like. But I can tell you this much: it’s tasteless. And offensive.
No word yet if the owner will deny Communion burger to Rep. Nancy Pelosi.
Reminds me of a story from 2005.
MONTREAL, Dec. 27 (UPI) – Unconsecrated communion wafers are growing in popularity as a snack food throughout Quebec, alongside potato chips and popcorn on supermarket shelves.
The paper-thin morsels made from flour and water hark back to when Quebec was one of the most devout Roman Catholic enclaves in North America and the wafers were seen only at holy communion.
Gaston Bonneau, one of the two major commercial producers in Quebec, told the Toronto Globe & Mail newspaper his business started with just himself and his wife in the mid–1980s. Now it’s grown to 16 employees and he plans to automate production.
“My son can eat a whole bag while he’s watching TV,” said supermarket manager Paul Saumure. “He’s had more of them outside of church than he ever did inside one.”
Remember when Pope Francis said “Thank you. It is true that I do not give interviews, but why, I do not know, I can’t, it’s just like that.”? Good times.
I never got around to really posting about the interview Pope Francis gave to La Civiltà Cattolica, the Italian Jesuit journal. Besides that interview I have read a good amount of thoughtful commentary regarding it both pro and con and ranges in between. When I saw yesterday that another interview was going to be released I certainly had mixed feelings. This time he was interviewed by La Repubblica’s founder, Eugenio Scalfari. This was the atheist he had previously dialogued with.
First off it seems Pope Francis is keeping Jimmy Akin very busy. It seems every time he says something in the public forum outside of the normal speech, homily General Audience, etc – it seems Jimmy Akin has to do another article explaining what we need to know concerning it. For example todays Did Pope Francis just say that evangelization is “nonsense”? 8 things to know and share. In addition regarding the newer interview translation problems are being reported such as by Sr. Anne Flanagan and Fr. John Zuhlsdorf.
So far the commentary by Thomas L. McDonald at God and the Machine on the latest interview expresses some of my own thoughts.
- I think he has a particular style and we need to get used to the rapid change in tone. It shouldn’t come as much surprise that a Argentinian Jesuit is not a Polish Thomist Philosopher or a German Augustinian Theologian.
- He’s not a scholar, he’s a pastor. I’m more comfortable with scholars, less so with the pastoral thing. I’m happy with my books and my Germans. Pastoral work has to do with getting down on the street with people in all their messy fallibility and failings, but also with the potential for beauty and faith and love.
- I think that’s wonderful, but there are inherent dangers in it as well. Sometimes you need to be out there on the knife-edge taking risks in order to lure new souls to the kingdom.
Adding to this the interview format is certainly not an ideal vehicle for a balanced expression of what the Church teaches. Especially considering that two of the interviews were to some extent hostile. In one you have reporters asking typical questions in pursuit of a headline and not real understanding. The latest interview with Eugenio Scalfari is also partially combative.
I especially liked Thomas L. McDonald’s closing paragraph:
- The world is not our little Catholic bubble. I like my bubble. I stay in it most of the time. The classroom and the computer and the page allow to me to leave it from time to time, but the preaching and teaching required in the bubble is of a different quality to that required in the world.
- Francis makes me nervous, because his words can be spun by those enemies we have within the Church and without. On the other hand, we shouldn’t get twitchy and skittish about a genuine attempt to engage non-believers and non-Catholics with unguarded language. No teachings are changed. The faith is as it always has been. The messiness of debate and dialog doesn’t alter the truth.
- Those of us in the Church–we who have made the commitment to teaching and preaching the word and following Her in all things–are the 99 sheep, safe at home with our Mother. That’s not to say our salvation is assured, but merely that the shepherd doesn’t have to worry about us quite as much, for the moment.
- Are we then to begrudge the shepherd when he leaves the safety and comfort of the stable to retrieve our lost brother?
Anytime you speak about evangelization and emphasize certain aspects of it, it can seem that you are downplaying others. The both/and so often gets lost in communication and on the receiver’s side the same exists. We all have our hobby-horses and can see everything through them. If the Pope doesn’t sooth us by repeatedly mentioning our hobby-horses we can get suspicious. When you make a broad outline of strategies for evangelization from a top level it can be like a flu vacine where a forecast is made as to what strains should be concentrated on. This does not include all the various strategies at all the levels of the Church down to the Gospel call that we all receive and are to act on. The reality is their is no homogenous culture where one pastoral emphasis will be effective for everyone. The barriers to conversion are many and while there are generalities in conversion stories there is no one-size-fits-all evangelical response. As Pope Francis says in this interview we have to get to know people and to listen to them.
When Thomas L. MacDonald writes “I’m more comfortable with scholars,” I can heartily agree. Frankly Pope Francis’ writings leave me rather cold. When I was reading Ratzinger/Benedict the path was filled with empty highlighter pens. Pope Francis not so much. Maybe it is my vanity and the fact that Pope Francis emphasizes a lot of the basics and is a bit repetitive in his homilies and speeches as he emphasizes a certain point. I probably need lots of work on the basics and it is annoying to hear them mentioned.
Overall I can read the various interviews he as given and to some extent see what he is trying to say in context along with limitation of the interview format. Still if he didn’t give any more interviews I would not see that as a bad thing. The Pope is of course going to get misinterpret by the culture. This does not mean he has to help them along with phrasings that can be so easily misinterpreted.
When it comes to critiques of the Pope’s last interview there is one I would recommend. Long time Catholic blogger Dale Price is a hyperbolic word-smith extraordinaire and while I don’t fully agree with his critique I was often nodding my head in agreement with the thrust of what he was saying.
There are all sorts of small rhetorical problems with the interview, easily sound-bitten parts that are being used by the Left–and occasionally the knife-happy non-left that hates pro-lifers–with glee: “obsessed,” “small-minded rules,” etc. Can you find any soundbites to fling back at the retrograde, unChristian behavior of progressives? Let me know.
Hint: there aren’t any.
Now culling anything for sound bites is a losing proposition. We have reduced the political sphere to this. Yet there is a reality that these are what propagates and is unfortunately the only doctrinal content that many receive. This is why many faithful Catholics might feel they are on the receiving end of stones while revisionist Catholics and those not friendly with the Church are glowing in excitement of “best Pope ever.”
To suggest that they have all misread it and/or are delusional is itself delusional. When was the last time they were this energized? Never. Not in my Catholic lifetime.
Anybody on the left feeling betrayed, cast aside, discounted, demoralized, even a sense of disquiet? Nope. That’s a telling datum, don’t you think? To which I hear NO, FROWNY FACE, IT IS NOT. GET WITH THE PROGRAM.
I for one do think that it is highly probable that most of the new people on the papal bandwagon have misread him, are delusional, or both. While I think the lack of precision in what he says at times is a problem, I don’t doubt at all as he has also repeated in two of the interviews that he is a “Son of the Church” and totally orthodox.
I find it an easy temptation to dismiss those who now like the Pope. Especially as I suspect if they really understood that Pope Francis is not changing any doctrinal content they would be less enthused. I keep waiting for the media honeymoon to be over. Yet it is easy to forget that there will be some that will be drawn into the Church even under an initial misapprehension.
I especially liked Matt Archbold column regarding an atheist co-worker Pope Francis Did What I Didn’t.
Other commentary I liked:
Two years ago I reviewed Sinner by Lino Rulli which was a very funny and at times serious book and piecemeal autobiography. Lino Rulli who hosts “The Catholic Guy” on Sirius Radio has now written a follow-up book Saint: Why I Should Be Canonized Right Away. This is a very tongue-firmly-in-cheek framework where Lino explains how his life so far qualifies him to be canonized a saint. This is another piecemeal autobiography where he explores parts of his life topically not sequentially.
Along the way behind all the humor there are serious points to be made about living your life as a Catholic. Again what is appealing about his books is the total lack of pretention and the honest look at himself faults and all. Although this is beyond defensive self-deprecating humor and is more along of the lines of simple honesty. The first book contained many funny stories from his life that seemed like almost a running gag punctuated with hard-to-believe facts like that his father left his job to become an organ-grinder. There is even more along that theme in this book involving the circus.
The canonize-me-now framework of the book mostly works as a humor device since you always know it is a device and not pride. So there is some nice comedy regarding this aspect. I especially enjoyed this since I have explored some of the same humor in some of my own posts Saintly Planning and n Planning to be a Doctor of the Church.
One annoying aspect of the book is that I found way to much that I could relate to. I had plenty to commiserate with Lino on. I would rather laugh at Lino struggles, than my own. Still I think many will find points of contact with what he writes. I’ve personally found laughing at my own faults to be a help in both acknowledging them and repenting of them. So I found lots of points of contact, but his later chapter regarding his struggles with his large nose hit too close to home. Although mine is not Italian and more along the lines of W.C. Fields (no surprise I once did him as a character in a show).
I had fun reading this book and it is a nice companion to his first book. Certainly not for everybody, especially those who are sensitive regarding the use of humor alongside of discussions of the faith. I suspect those that read my blog don’t have that problem. Still I occasionally get emails complaining about the mixture of the two.
This version of The Weekly Francis covers material released in the last week from 5 August to 29 September 2013.
The Weekly Francis is a compilation of the Holy Father’s writings, speeches, etc which I also post at Jimmy Akin’s The Weekly Francis. Jimmy Akin came up with this idea when he started “The Weekly Benedict” and I have taken over curation of it.
Angelus
General Audience
Homilies
- 22 September 2013 – Shrine of Our Lady of Bonaria in Cagliari
- 29 September 2013 – Day for Catechists concluding their pilgrimage from different world countries
Letters
Messages
- 11 September 2013 – To participants in the 47th Social Week for Italian Catholics
- 5 August 2013 – For the World Day of Migrants and Refugees 2014
Speeches
- 19 September 2013 – To a group of recently appointed bishops who were taking part in a course organized by the Congregation for Bishops and the Congregation for the Eastern Churches
- 20 September 2013 – To Catholic gynecologists and obstetricians participating in a conference organized by the International Federation of Catholic Medical Associations
- 22 September 2013 – Meeting with workers during the Pastoral Visit in Cagliari
- 22 September 2013 – Meeting with the poor and inmates during the Pastoral Visit in Cagliari
- 22 September 2013 – Meeting with the academic and cultural world during the Pastoral Visit in Cagliari
- 22 September 2013 – Meeting with the young people during the Pastoral Visit to Cagliari
- 27 September 2013 – To Catechists on the occasion of the Year of Faith and of the International Conference on Catechesis
Daily Homilies (fervorinos)
- 24 September 2013 – Tuesday – The Lord is our companion in good and bad times, forgiving
- 25 September 2013 – Wednesday – Knowing Jesus
- 26 September 2013 – Thursday – The languages of knowing Jesus
- 27 September 2013 – Friday – A true Christian has to endure humiliations with joy and patience
- 29 September 2013 – Saturday -Saturday morning Mass in Santa Marta
Papal Tweets
- @pontifex, 23 September 2013
- @pontifex, 24 September 2013
- @pontifex, 26 September 2013
- @pontifex, 27 September 2013
- @pontifex, 28 September 2013
Note: Due to problems with using copyrighted material from the Vatican the eBook version of The Weekly Francis has been suspended. For users of the previous ebook volume I have some suggestions for alternatives on how to best read these documents especially on mobile platforms.
Via the Anchoress:
The Little Sisters of the Poor are heroic social servants: they serve the indigent poor and go begging on their behalf. They are tremendous women offering companionship, love and hospitality to people who often have no one else in their lives willing to see and affirm their dignity and worth, and they don’t ask “are you a Catholic” before they make that offer: it is for all.
Likewise, in their many facilities across the nation, the Little Sisters employ nurses, and aides and helpers, and they do not ask, “are you a Catholic” before they hire them.
And because the Sisters do not discriminate in their service or their hiring, they, and their ministry, and the aged population they serve, are all begin imperiled by the United States Government, specifically by the Department of Health and Human Services and the Obama Administration.
How can that be? How can these religious Sisters, living in a country where the first amendment to its constitution insists upon a free expression of religion and the exercise thereof be in peril? Because the HHS and the Obama Administration say that if the Sisters do not deny their own consciences and offer insurance policies to their employees that include free coverage for sterilization procedures, artificial contraceptives and abortifacients, these vowed-to-poverty women will have to pay approximately a million dollars in IRS fines, effectively making their work near-to-impossible.
Yes, they’ll be punished and perhaps driven from serving the poor in America — the poor of every race and creed — for the sin of not prostrating themselves before a secularist culture that has made an idol of preventing the conception and growth of human life — a strange god endowed with so much power that the government believes it can and must stomp on fundamental human freedoms of conscience in order to serve it.
She has additional information on the lawsuit on their behalf by the The Becket Fund for Religious Liberty that the Little Sisters did not want to have to pursue.
Really, what is the Obama Administration thinking? What is the HHS thinking? Do they really want these optics: the government forcing dedicated sisters to abandon their work with the elderly and the poor?
This could be a real head-scratcher if you don’t consider just how ideologically bound the Obama administration is. It would have been so easy for them to make the standard exemptions, but that doesn’t advance the agenda as much as they wanted. You will be assimilated by this borg-like administration and dissenters will be punished. Elitists do our thinking for us, conscience-exemptions be damned.
On the other hand partly I am glad they went this route since this at leaves gives a chance for secular businesses to also have a chance to also have a religious exemption. If the Obama administration had gone the normal path with exemptions than likely businesses like Hobby Lobby and others would have had a much tougher battle. It is no surprised that what is happening Little Sisters of the Poor is making headlines all the way up to the Drudge Report. It is so ridiculous on every level they don’t qualify under a religious conscience clause.
Under the Obama administration getting a religious exemption the way is narrow and I am just surprised that the qualification for a camel to pass through the eye of a needle was not part of the HHS regulation.
Edward Pentin writing for the National Catholic Register:
VATICAN CITY — Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI has followed Pope Francis in writing a letter to a prominent Italian atheist in an attempt to engage non-believers in a dialogue about the faith.
The 11-page letter, extracts of which were published in Monday’s edition of the Italian daily newspaper, La Repubblica, is addressed to Professor Piergiorgio Odifreddi, an Italian mathematician, popular science writer and a member of the Italian Union of Rationalist Atheists and Agnostics.
The Pope Emeritus was responding to a book Odifreddi wrote in 2011 titled Dear Pope, I’m Writing to You. The book was a critique of certain arguments and lines of thought found in the Benedict’s theological writings, beginning with his 1967 volume, Introduction to Christianity, and including his book Jesus of Nazareth that he wrote as Pope.
Now that news was cool enough, but the content of what he wrote is quite stunning.
But that hasn’t stopped Benedict XVI, who doesn’t hold back in revealing what he thinks of Odifreddi’s work. “My opinion about your book is, as a whole, rather mixed,” he says. “I profited from some parts which I read with enjoyment, but in other parts I was astonished at a certain aggressiveness and thoughtless argumentation.”
He notes that several times, Odifreddi refers to theology as science fiction, and says that in this respect, he is “surprised that you feel my book is worthy of discussion.” He responds by making the case for theology with four points.
First, Benedict asks: “Is it fair to say that ‘science’ in the strictest sense of the word is just math? I learned from you that even here, the distinction should be made between arithmetic and geometry. In all specific scientific subjects, each has its own form, according to the particularity of its object. What is essential is that a verifiable method is applied, excluding arbitrariness and ensuring rationality in their different ways.”
Second, he says that Odifreddi should “at least recognize that, in history and in philosophical thought, theology has produced lasting results.”
Third, he explains that an important function of theology is “to keep religion tied to reason and reason to religion.” Both functions, he adds, “are of paramount importance for humanity.” He then refers to his famous dialogue with the atheist and sociologist Jurgen Habermas, in which he showed that there are “pathologies of religion and, no less dangerous, pathologies of reason.”
“They both need each other and keeping them constantly connected is an important task of theology,” he adds.
Fourth, Benedict says that science fiction exists in the context of many sciences. He explains that he sees science fiction in a good sense when it shows vision and anticipates “true knowledge.” This is “only imagination,” he says, “with which we search to get closer to reality,” and he adds that a “science fiction [exists] in a big way just even within the theory of evolution.”
I just love this so much. Pope Emeritus Benedict XVI takes a pejorative and dismissive swipe at theology and then engages the idea of science fiction in the limited scope that applies. I find it interesting he called theology “science fiction” and simply not just fiction. So much of SF takes scientific concepts in a speculative fashion. Plus really theology is rightly the queen of the sciences. Besides SF fans often comment on how SF gets some things right in the speculation of the future. The same goes for speculative theology which can get something right leading to the development of doctrine or lead to speculations that turns out to be simply incorrect.
Benedict then refers to the work of the prominent atheist Richard Dawkins. “The Selfish Gene by Richard Dawkins is a classic example of science fiction,” he says, and recalls how the French Nobel Prize winner and molecular biologist Jacques Monod inserted sentences into his work that, in Benedict’s view, could only have been science fiction.
We’ve seen so many “Richard Dawkins Slams Pope” headlines I say turnabout is fairplay here.
Read the whole thing: which also discusses priestly sex abuse and the Pope’s efforts regarding this “scorge of suffering.”
So what is up with the Pope and the Pope Emeritus dialoguing with Italian atheists quite publicly? Prominent atheists from other countries will soon be clamoring to be lightly rebuked in a papal fashion.
Strangely my odd imagination conjures these two popes singing “Anything you can do” as a duet.
Anything you can be
I can be greater.
Sooner or later,
I’m greater than you.
No, you can’t.
Yes, I can. No, you can’t.
Yes, I can. No, you can’t.
Yes, I can,
Yes, I can!
Anything you can preach
I can preach deeper
I can dialogue anyone
better than you.
One of the figures of Greek mythology that always intrigued me from childhood on is Cassandra. The daughter of King Priam and Queen Hecuba of Troy. Apollo granted her the gift of prophecy and later when she refused his attempted seduction was cursed so that no one would believe her.
The tensions of this combination gift and curse is one that intrigues the imagination and draws sympathy for this tragic character.
In modern times there seems to be an almost Cassandra-like quality to the Catholic Church. The Church teaches the truth and yet so few believe her. When Cassandra prophesied she was called crazy. A common charge of believing Catholics who are also called crazy for believing what the Church teaches. For Cassandra the people seemed to have a selected amnesia for when her prophecies were fulfilled they still thought her crazy. That type of selected amnesia is quite evident in critics of the Church. In Humanae Vitae Pope Paul VI predicted various outcomes if contraception became widespread. Yet as all of these have unfortunately come true there is no rethinking about what a contraceptive culture leads to or any acknowledgment that he was right.
We have itching ears always looking for the latest fad whether it is fashion or theology. The cult of the new (and improved!) conditions us to a worshipping of progress where something is good just because it is happening now. A look for easy answers to complicated questions. A sort of Occam’s razor prevails where the path that contains the fewest crosses must be correct. Or really if the path contains any crosses it must be rejected.
If we can’t fully understand something we assume it must be false. Yet when St. Peter heard Jesus’ words on the Eucharist:
“And Simon Peter answered him: Lord, to whom shall we go? thou hast the words of eternal life.” (John 6:68)
One thing are culture is good at is creating rocky soil. Defertilizing the soil by evoking self-esteem for self-esteem sake, pride, and a disconnected individualism. License over self-control. A denial of free-will with the increasing “born-this-way” propaganda.
Yet the Church has always to some extent had a Cassandra-like quality that extends back to the prophets. The messages of the prophets were more likely to be met with a stone than appreciation. Still it is easy to whine about the culture which is just another aspect of the cult of the now. Evangelization has never been easy in any age and while there are some different difficulties now than in the past, the same basic problems exist. We are sinners that just don’t want to admit that fact. If we do admit to being a sinner we do it in the same way Uriah Heep did in saying he was humble. I find it surprising to see just how resistant to grace other people seem to be, that is until I look to see just how resistant to grace I am.
Jesus told us we would be persecuted and somehow we act astonished when we are. Or maybe like myself you see a lack of persecution because of a laxness in preaching the good news. Perhaps we experience persecution because of a politically incorrect message, but not specifically for preaching Jesus Christ. I think Pope Francis has a point regarding the primary proclamation of salvation and our redemption from our Lord Jesus Christ. We can get bogged down in serious issues and forget some of the good news to proclaim. Although this is another both/and where one thing is not to the exclusion of the other.
While I might comment on the frustration of the Cassandra-like quality to the Catholic Church, the difficulties in a post-Christian culture are not immune to grace and on our side prayer and fasting. We don’t like the new evangelization because we were never crazy about the old evangelization as both of them require work on our part.
This version of The Weekly Francis covers material released in the last week from 11 August to 21 September 2013.
The Weekly Francis is a compilation of the Holy Father’s writings, speeches, etc which I also post at Jimmy Akin’s The Weekly Francis. Jimmy Akin came up with this idea when he started “The Weekly Benedict” and I have taken over curation of it.
Angelus
General Audiences
Letters
Speeches
Daily Homilies
- 16 September 2013 – Christians must pray for their leaders
- 17 September 2013 – Reflecting on our Mother Church
- 21 September 2013 – Pope Francis at Mass: the merciful gaze of Jesus
Other
Papal Tweets
- “There are many people in need in today’s world. Am I self-absorbed in my own concerns or am I aware of those who need help?” @pontifex, 17 September 2013
- “We are all sinners, but we experience the joy of God’s forgiveness and we walk forward trusting in his mercy.” @pontifex, 19 September 2013
- “Christ is always faithful. Let us pray to be always faithful to him.” @pontifex, 20 September 2013
- “True charity requires courage: let us overcome the fear of getting our hands dirty so as to help those in need.” @pontifex, 21 September 2013
Note: Due to problems with using copyrighted material from the Vatican the eBook version of The Weekly Francis has been suspended. For users of the previous ebook volume I have some suggestions for alternatives on how to best read these documents especially on mobile platforms.
Despite its purported cleansing properties, holy water could actually be more harmful than healing, according to a new Austrian study on “holy” springs.
Researchers at the Institute of Hygiene and Applied Immunology at the Medical University of Vienna tested water from 21 springs in Austria and 18 fonts in Vienna and found samples contained up to 62 million bacteria per milliliter of water, none of it safe to drink.
Tests indicated 86 percent of the holy water, commonly used in baptism ceremonies and to wet congregants’ lips, was infected with common bacteria found in fecal matter such as E. coli, enterococci and Campylobacter, which can lead to diarrhea, cramping, abdominal pain, and fever.
Nitrates, commonly found in fertilizer from farms, were also identified in the water. If ingested, water containing nitrates over the maximum contaminant level could cause serious illness, especially in infants younger than 6 months, which could lead to death if untreated, according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
“We need to warn people against drinking from these sources,” said Dr Alexander Kirschner, study researcher and microbiologist at the Medical University of Vienna.
The study, published in the Journal of Water and Health, also found that all church and hospital chapel fonts contained bacteria – the busier the church, the higher the bacterial count.
“This may represent a problem that has hitherto been underestimated, especially in hospitals, since there a lot of people with weakened immune systems there,” Kirschner said. (source)
What you mean that a font where people dip their hands into all day could contain bacteria? What a shock. Besides there is usually not much connection between springs and Holy Water fonts which mostly use tapwater.
Must have been a slow news day for Good Morning America. Still I wonder how many people ingest Holy Water directly from a font? Or really how many drink it at all?
Can we bless Purell?
Yes just another danger attending Church.
Incense and candles release substantial quantities of pollutants that may harm health, a detailed new study of air quality in a Roman Catholic church suggests.
Even brief exposure to contaminated air during a religious service could be harmful to some people, says atmospheric scientist Stephan Weber of the University of Duisburg-Essen in Essen, Germany. A previous study in the Netherlands indicated that the pollutants in smoke from incense and candles may be more toxic than fine-particle pollution from sources such as vehicle engines.
Numerous studies have examined the health effects of combustion by-products from major outdoor sources, such as automobiles and power plants. Researchers have also examined some sources of indoor pollution, including stoves. But there have been few investigations of the health consequences of candles and incense, even though they are usually lit indoors, sometimes in crowded spaces with limited ventilation.
Weber conducted the new study in St. Engelbert Church in Mulheim an der Ruhr, Germany. The church staff burns candles during each mass and incense on some holidays.
Weber installed two devices that continuously sampled air during a 13-day period that began on Christmas Eve of 2004. The equipment measured concentrations of particles up to 10 micrometers in diameter (PM10) and also those 1 [micro]m or smaller (PM1), which endanger people’s hearts, lungs, and arteries (SN: 8/2/03, p. 72).
During the study, incense burners and candles were lit for services at midnight on Christmas Day, on the morning of the following day, and on New Year’s Eve. During services on other days, only candles burned.
If they banned incense would that be censorship?